Michigan small claims handles up to $6,500. File in district court where defendant lives or incident occurred. Michigan's small claims limit is $7,000 as of 2026. MCL 600.8401 sets the small claims limit at $7,000 beginning January 1, 2024. The statute raised the limit in steps from $5,000 in 2012 to $6,000 in 2018, $6,500 in 2021, and $7,000 in 2024. Always verify current limits with your local court.
Who Can File in Michigan Small Claims Court
A person may file to recover money within the limit. A sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation may take part through an officer or employee who has direct and personal knowledge of the facts in dispute (MCL 600.8408).
Where to File Your Michigan Case
The case is filed in the district court for the district that has jurisdiction, in the small claims division created within each district court (MCL 600.8401).
How to File Small Claims in Michigan - Step by Step
- Send a Demand Letter - Before filing, send a formal demand letter giving the defendant a clear deadline to respond. PettyLawsuit generates professional demand letters with Michigan laws cited. $29 to start.
- File Your Claim - If the defendant doesn't respond, file your case at the correct Michigan court. Filing fees are typically $25-$65.
- Serve the Defendant - Service of the affidavit and notice is made on the defendant by certified mail with return receipt requested, sent by the court clerk, or by personal service. If service cannot reasonably be made that way, the court may order another method reasonably calculated to give actual notice (MCL 600.8405).
- Attend Your Hearing - Present your evidence and the judge makes a decision, often the same day. Hearing timelines vary by court.
- Collect Your Judgment - If you win, enforce the judgment through legal collection methods.
Common Small Claims Cases in Michigan
- Security deposit disputes with landlords
- Unpaid wages or final paychecks
- Contractor and home repair disputes
- Vehicle accidents and property damage
- Consumer complaints against businesses
- Breach of contract claims
Michigan Court Hearing Tips
- Bring 3 copies of every document (one for you, judge, and defendant)
- Organize documents chronologically in a binder
- Prepare a brief opening statement (2-3 minutes)
- Stick to facts and avoid emotional arguments
- Bring all original documents and receipts
- Dress professionally (business casual minimum)
- Arrive 30 minutes early to find parking and courtroom
Judgment Collection Options in Michigan
- Wage garnishment (court order required, limits vary)
- Bank account levy through the court
- Property liens on real estate
- Payment plans negotiated with the debtor
- Debtor examination to locate assets
Appeals in Michigan
Parties who stay in the small claims division waive the right of appeal (MCL 600.8412). If the hearing was held by a district court magistrate, either party may take an appeal for a new hearing to the small claims division of the district court within 7 days, and there is no further appeal from the district court judge's judgment (MCL 600.8427). A party may instead remove the case to the general civil division before trial (MCL 600.8408).
Filing Costs & Fee Breakdown
Small claims filing fees in Michigan are typically $25-$65. Confirm the current amount with the clerk before filing. If you win, the court may order the defendant to reimburse your filing costs. Many courts offer fee waivers for those who demonstrate financial hardship.
Statute of Limitations in Michigan
Every type of claim has a filing deadline, and the deadline depends on the claim type. Filing after the deadline means your case can be dismissed regardless of its merits. Confirm the current Michigan statute of limitations for your claim type before filing, and send a demand letter as soon as possible to preserve your rights.
Evidence Checklist for Michigan Small Claims Court
- Signed contracts, leases, or written agreements
- Receipts, invoices, and proof of payment
- Photos or videos of damage or defective work
- Email and text message correspondence
- Witness statements or contact information
- Your demand letter and proof of delivery
- Timeline of events organized chronologically
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I file a small claims case in Michigan?
Send a demand letter first. Then file an affidavit with the small claims division of the district court for your district, and pay the $25-$65 filing fee. The court clerk sends notice to the defendant by certified mail, or you can arrange personal service. PettyLawsuit prepares the demand letter and court paperwork for you.
What is the small claims limit in Michigan?
The general limit is $7,000. MCL 600.8401 sets the small claims limit at $7,000 beginning January 1, 2024. The statute raised the limit in steps from $5,000 in 2012 to $6,000 in 2018, $6,500 in 2021, and $7,000 in 2024. Verify the current limit with the court before filing.
Do I need a lawyer in Michigan small claims court?
Attorneys, collection agencies, and their agents cannot take part in a small claims case, except that an attorney may appear on the attorney's own behalf. A party who wants a lawyer can remove the case to the general civil division of the district court (MCL 600.8408).
How much does it cost to file?
Filing fees are generally $25-$65. MCL 600.8420 sets the filing fee at $25 if the amount in controversy does not exceed $600, $45 if it exceeds $600 but not $1,750, and $65 if it exceeds $1,750. A postage fee equal to the prevailing postal rate is charged for each defendant the clerk mails. Confirm current fees with the clerk.
How long do I have to sue in Michigan?
Time limits depend on the claim type. In Michigan, common statutes of limitations are written contracts 6 years, oral contracts 6 years, personal injury 3 years, property damage 3 years. Confirm the deadline for your specific claim.
What if the defendant does not show up?
You can ask the court for a default judgment. You still need to show evidence of your damages.
How long is a judgment enforceable?
The small claims division cannot use prejudgment attachment or garnishment, but a prevailing party may enforce a judgment with a writ of execution, garnishment, or attachment after judgment (MCL 600.8409, MCL 600.8420).
Can I bring a lawyer to small claims court in Michigan?
No. Under MCL 600.8408 attorneys cannot take part in a small claims case, except representing themselves. If you want a lawyer, you can remove the case to the general civil division of the district court before trial.
Can I appeal a Michigan small claims decision?
Parties who stay in the small claims division waive the right of appeal (MCL 600.8412). If a magistrate heard the case, you can ask for a new hearing before a district court judge within 7 days (MCL 600.8427).