What is Small Claims Court?
Small claims court is a special division of the court system designed to resolve civil disputes involving relatively small amounts of money — typically between $2,500 and $25,000 depending on the state. It provides a simplified, informal process where individuals and businesses can seek monetary judgments without hiring an attorney. Cases are decided by a judge (no jury), hearings typically last 15-30 minutes, and decisions are usually rendered the same day.
What Types of Cases Does Small Claims Court Handle?
Small claims court handles breach of contract, unpaid debts, security deposit disputes, property damage, defective products, landlord-tenant issues, auto accident damage, and unpaid wages. It does not handle family law, criminal matters, evictions (in most states), or cases seeking injunctive relief.
Small Claims Court Limits by State
Limits vary widely: Alabama $6,000, Alaska $10,000, Arizona $3,500, Arkansas $5,000, California $12,500, Colorado $7,500, Connecticut $5,000, Delaware $25,000, Florida $8,000, Georgia $15,000, Hawaii $5,000, Idaho $5,000, Illinois $10,000, Indiana $8,000, Iowa $6,500, Kansas $4,000, Kentucky $2,500, Louisiana $5,000, Maine $6,000, Maryland $5,000, Massachusetts $7,000, Michigan $6,500, Minnesota $15,000, Mississippi $3,500, Missouri $5,000, Montana $7,000, Nebraska $3,900, Nevada $10,000, New Hampshire $10,000, New Jersey $5,000, New Mexico $10,000, New York $10,000, North Carolina $10,000, North Dakota $15,000, Ohio $6,000, Oklahoma $10,000, Oregon $10,000, Pennsylvania $12,000, Rhode Island $5,000, South Carolina $7,500, South Dakota $12,000, Tennessee $25,000, Texas $20,000, Utah $11,000, Vermont $5,000, Virginia $5,000, Washington $10,000, West Virginia $10,000, Wisconsin $10,000, Wyoming $6,000.
How Does Small Claims Court Differ from Regular Court?
No attorney required. Simplified rules of evidence. Faster resolution (30-70 days). Lower filing fees ($25-$200). No jury — judge decides. Informal proceedings. Limited appeal rights.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a lawyer? No, small claims court is designed for self-representation. How long does it take? 30-70 days from filing to hearing. How much does it cost? Filing fees range from $25 to $200. Can businesses file? Yes, both individuals and businesses can file. What if I lose? Most states allow limited appeals to a higher court.